The Kindergarten Balanced Literacy Rubric is a comprehensive assessment tool designed to evaluate young learners’ progress across key literacy domains. This rubric aligns with developmentally appropriate practices to measure foundational reading and writing skills in five-year-old students. It assesses oral language development; phonological awareness; letter recognition; print concepts; and early writing abilities through observable classroom behaviors and student work samples. Teachers benefit from this rubric’s structured framework to systematically track each child’s literacy growth over time. The tool provides clear performance indicators across four proficiency levels; allowing educators to identify strengths and target areas needing additional support. By using this rubric; teachers gain insights into how effectively students apply literacy skills during shared reading; guided reading; independent reading; and writing activities. The rubric supports differentiated instruction by highlighting specific skills such as rhyming; syllable counting; letter-sound correspondence; and emergent story composition. It encourages a balanced literacy approach by valuing both decoding skills and comprehension strategies. Administrators may use aggregated rubric data to evaluate curriculum effectiveness and allocate resources for literacy interventions. Parents receive meaningful feedback about their child’s literacy milestones through the rubric’s accessible language and concrete examples. The assessment promotes early intervention by detecting potential reading difficulties before they become entrenched. When implemented consistently; this rubric fosters a shared understanding of literacy expectations among teachers; families; and school leaders while maintaining focus on joyful; play-based learning experiences appropriate for kindergarteners.